O Efeito do Uso Contraceptivo Hormonal na Hipertrofia Muscular Esquelética, Adaptações de Potência e Força ao Treinamento de Exercício de Resistência: Revisão Sistemática e Metanálise Multinível

O que aconteceu

Resistance exercise training is widely used by general and athletic populations to increase skeletal muscle hypertrophy, power and strength. Endogenous sex hormones influence various bodily functions, including possibly exercise performance, and may influence adaptive changes in response to exercise training. Hormonal contraceptive (HC) use modulates the profile of endogenous sex hormones, and therefore, there is increasing interest in the impact, if any, of HC use on adaptive responses to resistance exercise training. Our aim is to provide a quantitative synthesis of the effect of HC use on skeletal muscle hypertrophy, power and strength adaptations in response to resistance exercise training. A systematic review with meta-analysis was conducted on experimental studies which directly compared skeletal muscle hypertrophy, power and strength adaptations following resistance exercise training in hormonal contraceptive users and non-users conducted before July 2023. The search using the online databases PUBMED, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science, Embase and other supplementary search strategies yielded 4669 articles, with 8 articles (54 effects and 325 participants) meeting the inclusion criteria. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the "Tool for the assessment of study quality and reporting in exercise". Based on the present analysis, there is no evidence-based rationale to advocate for or against the use of OCPs in females partaking in resistance exercise training to increase hypertrophy, power and/or strength. Rather, an individualised approach considering an individual's response to OCPs, their reasons for use and menstrual cycle history may be more appropriate. The review protocol was registered on PROSPERO (ID number and hyperlink: CRD42022365677).

Trecho mantido em inglês: a tradução automática não passou na conferência de números.

O que encontraram

Todos os estudos incluídos investigaram a influência das pílulas anticoncepcionais orais (POC), sem nenhum estudo incluindo participantes utilizando outras formas de HC. Os artigos foram analisados utilizando um modelo de estimador de máxima verossimilhança multinível meta-analítico. Os resultados indicam que o uso de OCP não tem efeito significativo na hipertrofia [0,01, intervalo de confiança de 95% (IC) [- 0,11, 0,13], t = 0,14, p = 0,90, potência (- 0,04, IC 95% [- 0,93, 0,84], t = - 0,29, p = 0,80) ou força (0,10, IC 95% [- 0,08, 0,28], t = 1,48, p = 0,20).